Class 7 Reproduction in Plants

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POINTS TO REMEMBER.

• The production of new individuals from parents is called reproduction.
• In asexual reproduction, the new individuals are produced by a single parent, e.g., yeast, cane sugar, hydra etc.
• In sexual reproduction, two parents are needed to produce new individuals e.g., humans, dogs, frog etc.
• Asexual reproduction of organisms can take place by the following means: fission, budding, fragmentation, spore formation.
• In vegetative propagation, a portion of the plant body is detached and developed into an independent individual. Vegetative propagation can take place by roots, stems and leaves.
• Flowers are sexual reproductive structures of higher plants.
• Pollination is a transfer of pollen grains from the anther to a stigma of a plant of the same species.
• Pollination is of two types: self-pollination and cross-pollination.
• Pollination occurs with the help of three methods: 1. insect pollination; 2. wind pollination; 3. water pollination.
• The embryo of a seed has tiny root (radicle), small shoot (plumule) and one or two embryonic leaves (cotyledons). In many seeds, cotyledons have food stored in them.
• Wall of the ovary (or fertilised egg) forms food.

Reproduction in Plants

Match the following:

Column I Column II

  1. Bud                        (a) Maple
  2. Eyes                       (b) Spirogyra
  3. Fragmentation    (c) Yeast
  4. Wings                    (d) Bread Mould
  5. Cutting                  (e) Potato
  6. Spores                   (f) Rose

Answers:

1.— (c), 2 — (e), 3— (b), 4 — (a), 5 — (f), 6 — (d).

 Very Short Answer Question

  1. Name one plant which can be reproduced through stem cuttings.
  2. Name one organism which reproduces by budding.
  3. Which asexual reproduction takes place in yeast?
  4. Which asexual mode of reproduction takes place in bread mould?
  5. Name the male part of a flower?
  6. Name the female part of a flower?
  7. Name two plants having hairy seeds or fruits which are dispersed by the wind.
  8. Which part of a flower contains:

(a) pollen, and (b) ovules?

9. Which part of a flower forms the fruit?

Answers:

  1. Rose
  2. Yeast
  3. Budding
  4. By spores
  5. Stamen is the male reproductive organ of the flower.
  6. The pistil is the female reproductive organ of the flower.
  7. Seeds of madder and sunflower have hair.
  8. (a) Stamen and (b) Pistil
  9. The stigma and the style

 

 

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 Summative Assessment – II