Class Ten Geography Chapter 3 Extra Ques answers
Chapter 3: Water Resources (Additional Questions-answers)
16. List two reasons for water scarcity.
Ans. (i) The rapid growth of population and (ii) Uneven distribution of water resource.
17. Why is there water scarcity in urban areas?
Ans. In recent years water scarcity has been a serious problem in major cities due to large population, increasing industrialisation and urbanisation.
18. Define water scarcity.
Ans. Water scarcity is referred to as the situation of inadequate availability of water for human consumption. In other words, it is a shortage of water as compared to its demand.
19. Name the regions in India that suffer from water scarcity.
Ans. Primarily Rajasthan, parts of Gujarat and Haryana. Other areas include parts of Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, etc.
20. Can water scarcity occur in the region of high rainfall?
Ans. Yes, water scarcity can occur in the region of high rainfall if not being used properly.
21. What is the minimum quantity of water, which should be available to each person?
Ans. According to Falken Mark, a Swedish expert, each person should receive at least 1000 cubic metres per day. ‘Water stress’ may happen if the availability is less than this.
22. Name a movement opposed to large dams.
Ans. Narmada Bachao Andolan or Tehri Dam Andolan (anyone)
23. Gopal lives near a factory that discharges water in a stream. Is it safe for him to drink or use its water? Why?
Ans. No, it is not safe, because the water could be polluted.
24. How is water polluted?
Ans. Water is polluted by both domestic and industrial wastes like fertilisers, chemicals, and pesticides. Thus, it becomes harmful for human consumption.
25. Why is there the need to conserve water?
Ans. We have less of freshwater and there may be scarcity if we do not conserve it.
26. Define a dam.
Ans. A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs or retards the flow, often creating a reservoir, lake or impoundment.
27. In which state is the Nagarjuna Sagar dam?
Ans. It is located in Andhra Pradesh on the river Krishna.
28. What percentage of electricity is produced from a water resource in India?
Ans. Around 22 per cent of electricity is produced from water in India.
29. Give two reasons for water scarcity.
Ans. (i) The rapid growth of population and (ii) Uneven distribution of water resources
30. On which river is the Salal Dam built?
Ans. River Chenab
31. List any one reason for water conservation.
Ans. To secure food security as water is needed for the production of crops.
32. On what basis are dams classified?
Ans. Dams are classified on the basis of the structure and material used. There are timber dams, embankment dams and masonry dams.
33. Name the largest multipurpose project in India.
Ans. Bharkra-Nangal project.
34. On which river basin is the Bhakra Nangal dam built? Ans. It is built on the river Satluj-Beas river basin.