Class 9 Biological Diversity

Fill in the Blanks

The organisms that have not changed much in the process of evolution are called _____ organisms.
Classification of life forms is closely related to their _______.
_______ is a particular form or a particular function found in a large number of the organism.
At ____ level, organisms look alike and are able to breed with one another.
_________ is the largest category with related classes grouped together.

Write three conventions that are followed while writing scientific names of the species
The biological field of taxonomy classified organisms based on their evolutionary relationships. Indicate the correct sequence of these levels of taxa.
Class, Species, Genus, Family, Phylum, Order, Kingdom
Write down the hierarchical classification of a human?
Rewrite the scientific names of following organisms in their correct form.

Answers

Fill in the Blanks

Short Answer Type Questions

The scientific name for an organism is essential to identify living organisms anywhere in the world.
A species is a group of organisms, with similar structure, function, and behaviour that are capable of interbreeding with one another.
Nomenclature is the process of giving scientific names to plants and animals.
Carl Linnaeus devised a binomial system of nomenclature in which an organism is given two names.

Short Answer Type Questions

The convention that is followed while writing scientific names of the species are

The name of the genus begins with a capital letter.
The name of the species begins with a small letter.
When printed, the scientific name is given in italics.
When written by hand, the genus name and the species name have to be underlined separately.

Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum- Chordata

Class- Mammalia

Order- Primate

Family- Hominidae

Genus- Homo

Species- sapiens

Pteridophytes	Phanerogams
1. They have incomplete inconspicuous or less differentiated reproductive organs.	They have well developed reproducing organs.
2. They have naked embryos called spores.	They produce seeds.
3. E.g. Ferns, Equisetum, Marsileaetc.	E.g. Pinus, Cycas etc.

Angiosperms	Gymnosperms
1. They are flowering plants	They are non-flowering plants.
2. Seeds are enclosed inside fruits.	In these, naked seeds are not enclosed inside fruits
3. E.g. Coconut, mango etc.	E.g. Pinus, Fir, Cedar etc.

What are the characteristics features of the phylum Fungi? Give examples also.

Characteristics feature of phylum Fungi:

Most of the fungi are unicellular. Many of them have the capacity to become multicellular at a certain stage of life.
The cell has well-defined nucleus and organelles.
The body of fungi is made of thread-like structures called hyphae. The hyphae grow in the form of a mat-like structure called mycelium.
The cell wall is generally composed of chitin (a nitrogen-containing carbohydrate).
They are heterotrophic. They may be saprophytic (depend on dead or decaying organic matter for their food) or maybe parasitic (depend on living organisms for their food).
An example includes Yeast, Asparagus, Mushroom (Agaricus), Rhizopus(Bread Mould), Penicillium.