Class 10 Management of Natural Resources
Multiple Choice Questions:
Q-1:From the list given below pick the item that is not a natural resource
(a) soil (b) water (c) electricity (d) air
Solution: (c)
Natural resources occur naturally within environment that exists relativity undisturbed by human, in natural form. Electricity is not a natural resource. It is developed by man. Write soil, water and air are natural resources found in environment.
Q-2: The most dwindling natural resource in the world is
(a) water (b) forests
(c) wind (d) sunlight
Solution:(b)
Forests are the most rapidly dwindling natural resource in the world. They are destroyed indiscriminately as the provide raw material for various industries as timber industry, paper industry, sports industry, etc.
Q-3:The most appropriate definition of a natural resource is that it is a substance/commodity that is
(a) present only on land
(b) a gift of nature which is very useful to mankind
(c) a man-made substance placed in nature
(d) available only in the forest
Solution: (b)
A ‘natural resource’ is a substance/commodity that is a gift of nature which is very useful to mankind. These are air, water, soil etc.
Q-4: The main cause for abundant coliform bacteria in the river Ganga is
(a) disposal of unburnt corpses into water
(b) discharge of effluents from electroplating industries
(c) washing o f clothes
(d) immersion of ashes
Solution: (a)
The main cause for abundant coliform bacteria in the river Ganga is disposal of unburnt corpses into water. Coliform are the group of bacteria found is human intestines whose presence in water indicates contamination by disease-causing microorganisms. The disposal of unburns corpses contaminate water of the river and release these bacteria in water.
Q-5: The pH of water sample collected from a river was found to be acidic in the range of 3.5 – 4.5, on the banks of the river were several factories that were discharging effluents into the river. The effluents of which one of the following factories is the most likely cause for lowering the pH of the river water?
(a) Soap and detergent factory (b) Lead battery manufacturing factory
(c) Plastic cup manufacturing factory (d) Alcohol distillery
Solution: (b)
Lead is a major constituent of lead-acid battery used extensively in car batteries. The discharge of lead from battery manufacturing factory can lower the pH of river water by making it acidic.
Q-6: The pH range most conductive for life of freshwater plants and animals is
(a) 6.5 – 7.5 (b) 2.0 – 3.5 (c) 3.5 – 5.0 (d) 9.0 – 10.5
Solution: (a)
The pH of water body should be in the range of 6.5 – 7.5 for the survival of freshwater plants and animals. Below and above this range is harmful for the aquatic life.
Q-7: The three R’s that will help us to conserve natural resources for long term use are
(a) recycle, regenerate, reuse (b) reduce, regenerate, reuse
(c) reduce, reuse, redistribute (d) reduce, recycle, reuse
Solution: (d)
The three R’s that help us to conserve natural resources for long term use are
Reduce This means less use of natural resources, e.g., save water by repairing leaky taps.
Recycle This means collection of materials like plastic, paper, glass etc., to make required things instead of synthesising or extracting fresh plastic, paper, glass etc.
Reuse Instead of throwing articles, (e.g., used envelopes) use it again. This is better than recycling because process uses some energy.
Q-8:Given below are a few statements related to biodiversity. Pick those that correctly described the concept biodiversity
(i) Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area.
(ii) Biodiversity refers to only the flora of a given area.
(iii) Biodiversity is greater in a forest.
(iv) Biodiversity refers to the total number of individuals of a particular species living in a n area.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iii)
Solution: (c)
Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area. It is greater is a forest due to availability of plenty of resources.
Q-9: Among the statements given below select the ones that correctly describe the concept of sustainable development
(i) Planned growth with minimum damage to the environment
(ii) Growth irrespective of the extent of damage caused to the environment.
(iii) Stopping all development work to conserve the environment.
(iv) Growth that is acceptable to all the stakeholders.
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) only (iii)
Solution: (a)
Sustainable development means planned growth with minimum damage to the environment. The growth of environment should not be harmful to the stakeholders as well. It should be acceptable to them, e.g., if some trees have to be cut for various purpose, then damage to the environment can be minimised by planting new samplings in place of cut trees.
Q-10:In our country, vast tracts of forests are cleared and a single species of plant is cultivated. This practice promotes
(a) biodiversity in the area
(b) monoculture in the area
(c) growth of natural forest
(d) preserves the natural ecosystem in the area
Solution: (b)
Monoculture in the area is promoted by the practice of clearing vast tracts of forests and cultivating a single species of plant. This destroys the biodiversity in the area as the number of species lower. It also disturbs the natural ecosystem in the area. It decelerates the growth of natural forest.
Q-11: A successful forest conservation strategy should involve
(a) protection of animals at the highest trophic level
(b) protection of only consumers
(c) protection of only herbivores
(d) comprehensive programme to protect all the physical and biological components
Solution: (d)
Forest conservation strategy should involve comprehensive programme to protect all the physical and biological components (i.e., the ecosystem). If organisms only at a particular trophic levels are protected, the ecosystem would be disturbed, as the organisms at the lower trophic level would vanish fast. This will lead to situation where the organisms at all the upper trophic would die due to starvation.
Q-12: The important message conveyed by the ‘Chipko Movement’ is
(a) to involve the community in forest conservations efforts
(b) to ignore the community in forest conservation efforts
(c) to cut down forest trees for developmental activities
(d) government agencies have the unquestionable right to order destruction of trees in forests
Solution: (a)
The important message conveyed by the ‘Chipko Movement’ is to involve the community in forest conservation efforts.
People’s participation can help in increasing forest all well as help in their conservation.
Q-13:In our country, there are attempts to increase the height of several existing dams like Tehri and Almati, dams across Narmada. Choose the correct statements among the following that are a consequence of raising the height of dams
(i) Terrestrial flora and fauna of the area is destroyed completely.
(ii) Dislocation of people and domestic animals living in the area.
(iii) Valuable agricultural land may be permanently lost.
(iv) It will generate permanent employment for people.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii) and (iv)
Solution: (b)
The consequences of raising the height of dams are as follows
(i) Terrestrial flora and fauna of area is destroyed completely. It leads to deforestation and loos of biological diversity.
(ii) Dislocation of people and domestic animals living in an area causes various social problems
(iii) Valuable agricultural land may be permanently lost.
(iv) The people are not even given adequate compensation for their losses.
(v) This leads to economic problems.
(vi) It generates temporary employment for people.
Q-14: Expand the abbreviation GAP
(a) Governmental Agency for Pollution Control
(b) Gross Assimilation by Photosynthesis
(c) Ganga Action Plan
(d) Governmental Agency for Animal Protection
Solution: (c)
GAP is the abbreviation for Ganga Action Plan. This multi-crore project came about in 1985 because the quality of water in the Ganga was getting poor due to pollution.
Q-15:Select the incorrect statement.
(a) Economic development is linked to environmental conservation
(b) Sustainable development encourages development for current generation and conservation for resources for futures generations
(c) Sustainable development does not consider the view points of stakeholders
(d) Sustainable development is a long planned and persistent development
Solution: (c)
Sustainable developments consider the viewpoints of stakeholders. It is a process in which decentralised economic growth and ecological conservation go hand in hand. It encourages development for current generation and conservation of resources for the future generation. It is a long-planned and persistent development. Today, economic development is linked to environmental conservation. The environment is not degraded or put to risk in the name of economic development.
Q-16: Which of the following is not a natural resource?
(a) Mango tree (b) Snake (c) Wind (d) Wooden house
Solution: (d)
Wooden house is not a natural resource. It is man-made. White a mango tree, snakes and wind are natural resource. They are present in the environment naturally.
Q-17: Select the wrong statement.
(a) Forests provide variety of products (b) Forests have greater plant diversity
(c) Forests do not conserve soil (d) Forests conserve water
Solution: (c)
Forests are major site of conservation of soil. The roots of trees firmly hold the soil particular to protect it from flowing away. The humus is more in the soil of forests.
Forest provide variety of products, e.g., timber, paper etc. They have a greater plant diversity as different type of plants are naturally present. Forest also helps in conservation of water.
Q-18:Arabari forests of Bengal is dominated by
(a) teak (b) sal
(c) bamboo (d) mangroove
Solution: (b)
Arabari forest of Bengali is dominated by sal trees. With the active and willing participation on the local community, these forests underwent a remarkable recovery by 1983.
Q-19: Ground water will not be depleted due to
(a) afforestation
(b) thermal power plants
(c) loss of forest, and decreased rainfall
(d) cropping of high water demanding corps
Solution: (a)
Ground water will not be depleted due to afforestation (i.e., plantation of trees).
Most of the groundwater is polluted and depleted by thermal power plants, loss of forest, decreased rainfall and due to use of excess water for cropping of high water demanding crops.
Q-20:Opposition to the construction of large dams is due to
(a) social reasons (b) economic reasons
(c) environmental reasons (d) All of these
Solution: (d)
Opposition to the construction of large dams by local people is due to social economic and environmental problems.
(Also Refer to Q. 13)
Q-21:Khadins, Bundhis, Ahara and Kattas are ancient structures that are example of
(a) grains storage (b) wood storage
(c) water harvesting (d) soil conservation
Solution: (c)
Khadins tanks in Rajasthan, Bundhis in Madhaya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, Ahars in Bihar, and Kattas in Karnataka are some of the ancient water harvesting structures of India. They are still in use today for the conservation of water.
Q-22: Pick the right combination of terms which has no fossil fuel.
(a) Wind, ocean and coal (b) Kerosene, wind and tide
(c) Wind, wood, sun (d) Petroleum, wood, sun
Solution: (c)
Wind, wood, sun has no fossil fuel. Coal, petroleum and kerosene are fossil fuels in the given list.
Q-23: Select the eco-friendly activity among the following
(a) Using car for transportation
(b) Using polybags for shopping
(c) Using dyes for colouring clothes
(d) Using windmills to generate power for irrigation
Solution: (d)
Wind is a renewable source of energy. So, using windmills to generation power for irrigation is a eco-friendly activity.
Car uses petrol or diesel that is non-renewable.
Dyes are synthetic chemical compounds and polybags are non-biodegradable. So, these three are not eco-friendly activities.
Q-24:It is important to make small check dams across the flooded gullies because they
(i) hold water for irrigation
(ii) hold water and prevent soil erosion
(iii) recharge ground water
(iv) hold water permanently
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
Solution: (b)
It is important to make small check dams across the flooded gullies because they recharge groundwater. These small dams helps to hold water. This provides moisture for the vegetation cover, thus preventing soil erosion.